True / False / Not Given

Appears in 85% of tests

Determine whether statements agree with factual claims in the passage (TRUE), directly contradict them (FALSE), or lack enough evidence to confirm or deny (NOT GIVEN).

All Question Types

Step-by-Step Solving Strategy

Underline qualifiers such as 'all', 'exclusively', 'primarily', or 'before 2005'—these are frequent FALSE traps.

Never import outside knowledge; judge strictly against the exact passage sentence.

Answers almost always appear in sequential order through the text.

Annotated Example

SAMPLE EXCERPT

When Toronto enacted its mandatory Green Roof Bylaw in 2009, hydrologists recorded up to 70 percent retention of summer rainfall.

Prompt: Toronto introduced voluntary green roof guidelines before 2000.

Correct Answer:NOT GIVEN

The text confirms mandatory bylaws began in 2009, but gives no information on whether voluntary guidelines existed before 2000.

Interactive Practice Exercise

Apply the rules immediately and check your reasoning

1. Passage: 'Harrison's H4 lost merely five seconds over eighty-one days.' Statement: H4 gained five seconds on its transatlantic voyage.

2. Passage: 'Watchmakers such as Larcum Kendall simplified H4 for mass naval production.' Statement: Larcum Kendall had previously studied astronomy in Greenwich.